Kuki imashini nyinshi zicukura zihitamo kuzunguruka aho kunyerera?

Nkibintu byingenzi kandi byingenzi mubikoresho byubukanishi, ibyuma bigira uruhare runini mugushigikira ibizunguruka. Ukurikije imiterere itandukanye yo guterana mubitereko, ubwikorezi bugabanijemo ibice byo kuzunguruka (byitwa kwizunguruka) hamwe no kunyerera kunyerera (byitwa kunyerera). Ubwoko bubiri bwo kwifata bufite ibiranga imiterere, kandi buriwese ufite ibyiza n'ibibi mubikorwa.

Kugereranya kuzunguruka no gufata neza

1. Kugereranya imiterere nuburyo bwo kugenda

Itandukaniro rigaragara cyane hagati yizunguruka naububikoni ihari cyangwa idahari yibintu bizunguruka.

Ibizunguruka bizunguruka bifite ibintu bizunguruka (imipira, umuzingo wa silindrike, ibyuma bifata amajwi, inshinge za inshinge) zishingiye ku kuzunguruka kugira ngo zishyigikire uruziga, bityo igice cyo guhuza ni ingingo, hamwe n’ibintu byinshi bizunguruka, niko guhuza byinshi.

Ikibayantugire ikintu kizunguruka kandi wishingikirije hejuru yoroheje kugirango ushyigikire uruziga, bityo igice cyo guhuza ni ubuso.

 

Itandukaniro mu miterere yibi byombi rigena ko uburyo bwo kugenda bwikizunguruka bugenda buzunguruka, kandi uburyo bwo kugenda bwo kunyerera buranyerera, bityo ibintu byo guterana biratandukanye rwose.

 

2. Kugereranya ubushobozi bwo gutwara

Muri rusange, kubera ahantu hanini ho kwerekera kunyerera, ubushobozi bwayo bwo gutwara muri rusange burenze ubw'ibizunguruka, kandi ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu ntibushobora kuba hejuru, ariko ubwikorezi bwuzuye amavuta burashobora kwihanganira. umutwaro munini w'ingaruka bitewe n'uruhare rwo kwisunika no kunyeganyega bitewe na firime yamavuta. Iyo umuvuduko wo kuzunguruka ari mwinshi, imbaraga za centrifugal yibintu bizunguruka byiyongera, kandi ubushobozi bwo gutwara imitwaro buragabanuka (urusaku rukunda kugaragara kumuvuduko mwinshi). Kubijyanye na dinamike isanzwe, ubushobozi bwabo bwo gutwara imitwaro bwiyongera hamwe n'umuvuduko mwinshi.

 

3. Kugereranya coefficente yo guterana no gutangira guhangana

Mubihe bisanzwe byakazi, coeffisiyoneri yo guterana yikurikiranya iri munsi yicyuma gisanzwe, kandi agaciro karahagaze neza. Gusiga amavuta kunyerera bigira ingaruka byoroshye kubintu byo hanze nkumuvuduko no kunyeganyega, kandi coefficient de fraisation iratandukanye cyane.

 

Mugutangira, kurwanya biruta ibyo kuzunguruka kubera ko kunyerera bitarashyirwaho firime ihamye ya peteroli, ariko kwihanganira gutangira guterana hamwe na coefficient de coiffure ya hydrostatike yo kunyerera ni nto cyane.

 

4. Kugereranya umuvuduko ukoreshwa wakazi

Bitewe no kugabanuka kwingufu za centrifugal yibintu bizunguruka hamwe no kuzamuka kwubushyuhe bwikigereranyo, umuvuduko wikizunguruka ntushobora kuba hejuru cyane, kandi mubisanzwe birakwiriye kumurimo wo hagati kandi muto. Amazi atuzuye yuzuye amavuta kubera gushyushya no kwambara, umuvuduko wakazi ntugomba kuba hejuru cyane. Imikorere yihuta cyane yimyanda yuzuye-isukuye ni nziza cyane, cyane cyane iyo hydrostatike ya hydrostatike isanzwe isizwe n'umwuka, kandi umuvuduko wazo ushobora kugera 100.000 r / min.

 

5. Kugereranya gutakaza ingufu

Bitewe na coefficente ntoya yo guteranya ibintu, gutakaza ingufu muri rusange ntabwo ari binini, bikaba munsi yibyo bitarimo amavuta yuzuye, ariko biziyongera cyane mugihe bisizwe kandi bigashyirwaho neza. Gutakaza imbaraga zo guteranya ibintu byuzuye byamavuta-yuzuye ni bike, ariko kubutaka bwa hydrostatike, igihombo cyose gishobora kuba kinini kuruta icy'amazi meza ya hydrostatike kubera gutakaza ingufu za pompe yamavuta.

 

6. Kugereranya ubuzima bwumurimo

Bitewe ningaruka zo gutobora ibintu hamwe numunaniro, ibyuma bizunguruka byateguwe mumyaka 5 ~ 10, cyangwa bigasimburwa mugihe cyo kuvugurura. Amapaki yimyanda ituzuye-yuzuye amavuta yambarwa cyane kandi agomba gusimburwa buri gihe. Ubuzima bwibintu byuzuye byamavuta-byuzuye ntibishobora kugarukira, ariko mubikorwa kunanirwa umunaniro wibikoresho bishobora guterwa no gusiganwa ku magare, cyane cyane kubintu byoroshye.

 

7. Kugereranya kuzenguruka neza

Kuzunguruka bizunguruka muri rusange bifite uburebure buhanitse bitewe na radiyo ntoya. Amazi atuzuye yuzuye amavuta ari muburyo bwo gusiga imbibi cyangwa gusiga amavuta avanze, kandi imikorere ntigihungabana, kandi kwambara birakomeye, kandi ubunyangamugayo buri hasi. Bitewe no kuba hari firime ya peteroli, yuzuye-amavuta yuzuye amavuta yo kwisiga kandi ikurura kunyeganyega hamwe nukuri. Hydrostatike isanzwe ifite kuzenguruka neza.

 

8. Kugereranya izindi ngingo

Kuzunguruka bifashisha amavuta, amavuta cyangwa amavuta akomeye, umubare ni muto cyane, umubare ni munini ku muvuduko mwinshi, isuku y’amavuta isabwa kuba myinshi, bityo birasabwa gufungwa, ariko kuyitwara biroroshye kuyisimbuza , kandi muri rusange ntabwo ikeneye gusana ikinyamakuru. Kubintu bisanzwe, usibye amavuta yo kwisiga yuzuye atuzuye, amavuta muri rusange ni amazi cyangwa gaze, umubare ni munini cyane, ibisabwa byogusukura amavuta nabyo ni byinshi cyane, amakariso yo gutwara agomba gusimburwa kenshi, kandi rimwe na rimwe ikinyamakuru kirasanwa. .

 

Guhitamo ibizunguruka hamwe

Bitewe nuburyo bugoye kandi butandukanye bwakazi bukora, ntamahame ahuriweho yo gutoranya ibizunguruka no kunyerera. Bitewe na coefficente ntoya yo guterana, kwihanganira bito bito, kwiyumvamo ibintu, gukora neza, no kugenderaho, ibyuma bizunguruka bifite uburyo bwiza bwo guhinduranya no guhinduranya, kandi biroroshye gukoresha, gusiga no kubungabunga, kandi mubisanzwe bihabwa umwanya munini muguhitamo, bityo bikoreshwa cyane muri mashini rusange. Ibibaya byo mu kibaya ubwabyo bifite inyungu zidasanzwe, zikoreshwa muri rusange aho usanga imizunguruko idashobora gukoreshwa, ntibyoroshye cyangwa nta nyungu, nk'ibihe bikurikira:

 

1. Ingano yumwanya wa radiyo ni ntarengwa, cyangwa kwishyiriraho bigomba kugabanwa

Bitewe nimpeta yimbere, impeta yinyuma, ikintu kizunguruka hamwe nakazu mumiterere, ingano ya radiyo yikizunguruka nini, kandi gusaba kugarukira kurwego runaka. Urushinge rwa urushinge ruraboneka mugihe ibipimo bya radiyo bikomeye, kandi nibiba ngombwa, birakenewe. Kubice bitoroheye kugira ibyuma, cyangwa ntibishobora gushyirwaho uhereye ku cyerekezo cya axial, cyangwa aho ibice bigomba kugabanywamo ibice, bigabanijwe neza.

 

2. Ibihe bisobanutse neza

Iyo icyuma cyakoreshejwe gifite ibisabwa bihanitse cyane, icyerekezo cyo kunyerera cyatoranijwe muri rusange, kubera ko amavuta yo gusiga amavuta yo kunyerera ashobora kugabanuka kwinyeganyeza, kandi mugihe ubunyangamugayo buri hejuru cyane, hashobora gutorwa gusa hydrostatike yo kunyerera. Kumashini zisya neza kandi zisobanutse neza, ibikoresho bitandukanye, nibindi, kunyerera bikoreshwa cyane.

 

3. Ibihe biremereye

Kuzunguruka, byaba imipira cyangwa imipira, bikunda gushyuha numunaniro mubihe bikomeye. Kubwibyo, iyo umutwaro ari munini, ibyuma byo kunyerera bikoreshwa cyane, nk'urusyo ruzunguruka, turbine, ibyuka bya moteri ya aero n'imashini zicukura.

 

4. Ibindi bihe

Kurugero, umuvuduko wakazi ni mwinshi cyane, guhungabana no kunyeganyega ni binini bidasanzwe, kandi gukenera gukora mumazi cyangwa ibitangazamakuru byangirika, nibindi, ibyuma byanyerera nabyo birashobora guhitamo neza.

 

Kubwoko bwimashini nibikoresho, ikoreshwa ryikizunguruka hamwe nigitambambuga, buriwese afite ibyiza nibibi, kandi agomba guhitamo muburyo bufatika hamwe numushinga nyirizina. Mubihe byashize, urusyo runini kandi ruciriritse rusanzwe rwakoreshaga ibyuma byanyerera hamwe na babbitt, kubera ko byashoboraga kwihanganira imizigo minini, kandi birinda kwambara kandi bihamye. Urwasaya ruto rukoreshwa cyane hamwe no kuzunguruka, rufite uburyo bwo kohereza cyane, rworoshye kandi rworoshye kubungabunga. Hamwe nogutezimbere urwego rwa tekiniki rwo kuzunguza ibyuma, ibyinshi binini bimena urwasaya nabyo bikoreshwa mukuzunguruka.