amakuru

Ikimenyetso cy'amavuta ni iki, imiterere y'ibanze n'imikoreshereze y'ikimenyetso cy'amavuta

 

Ikimenyetso cy'amavuta ni iki?

Itsindaikirango cy'amavutani ikintu gifunga gikoreshwa mu gufunga umugozi uzenguruka mu bikoresho bya mekanike, kandi umwobo uba uhagaze, bityo agafunga k'amavuta kitwa kandi agafunga k'umugozi uzenguruka.

Ibyuma bifunga amavuta bikoreshwa mu gukumira amavuta kuva mu myobo iri mu mashini, naho ibyuma bifunga amavuta bikoreshwa mu gukumira amazi n'imiti mu gice cy'imashini giterana, ndetse n'umukungugu n'umucanga wo hanze.

Uburyo ikirango cy’amavuta gishyirwamo, icya mbere, ni uburyo kigaragara hagati y’inkombe y’inyuma y’ikirango cy’amavuta n’umwobo, kandi icyarimwe bishimangira ko inkombe y’inyuma y’ikirango cy’amavuta ishyirwamo neza hagati y’umwobo. Icya kabiri ni uburyo kigaragara hagati y’umunwa w’ikirango cy’amavuta n’umwobo, iyo umwobo uzunguruka, uba umeze nk’ikirango gihindagurika, kandi iyo umwobo uhagaze, uba umeze nk’ikirango gihoraho. Ingaruka zihuriweho z’ibintu bitandukanye bigira ingaruka hamwe n’imikoranire yabyo bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere y’ikirango cy’amavuta n’igihe cy’akazi kacyo.

 

Uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo gukoresha ibipfukisho by'amavuta

Ikoreshwa mu gufunga crankshafts na camshafts za moteri

Gufunga sisitemu zo gutwara ibinyabiziga (urugero: amasanduku y'imodoka, utuzu tw'amapine, imigozi, differentials) ku modoka, moto n'imodoka z'ubucuruzi

Ibyuma by'ikoranabuhanga byo kohereza imashini z'ubuhinzi n'iz'ubwubatsi nk'imashini zitwara imizigo, imashini zicukura, n'ibindi

Gufunga amasanduku y'ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa "box" kugira ngo akoreshwe mu nganda

Gufunga ibice by'amazi (ipompo, moteri).

Gufunga imashini zimesa kugira ngo zikoreshwe buri munsi

Ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zitunganya imashini n'ibikoresho

 

Ibintu by'ingenzi biranga ibipfukamunwa by'amavuta

Igice cy'inyuma cy'ikimenyetso cy'amavuta gifite uruziga kugira ngo gikingire neza umwobo - impande y'inyuma y'ikirenge cy'icyuma cy'imbere irakoreshwa; Inkombe y'inyuma y'ikirenge cy'icyuma cyagaragaye iraseswa cyane kandi ishyirwamo agapira karinda ingese.

Iminwa ifunga ifite umuvuduko wo mu mpeshyi ihamya ko ifunga neza kugira ngo ipfundikishe neza kandi idahindagurika. Kubera ubushakashatsi bw’igihe kirekire, imiterere y’iminwa y’ipfundikizo ry’amavuta yarushijeho kunozwa ku buryo ikora neza, ibi bikaba bituma ipfundikizo ryizewe mu gihe cy’imitwaro myinshi.

Kongeramo iminwa y'umukungugu, cyangwa mu bihe byihariye, iminwa myinshi y'umukungugu irinda kwinjira kw'ibintu bihumanya n'umukungugu byo hanze.

 

Imashini zikora turbine zikonjeshwa na hydrogène zigomba gufungwa n'amavuta yo kuziba kugira ngo hydrogen idasohoka mu imashini kandi ikarinda umwuka n'ubushuhe kwinjira muri generator. Sisitemu yo kuziba amavuta ya turbine y'umwuka ikoresha imiterere y'amatafari yo kuziba amarangi abiri, ifite ingaruka nziza zo kuziba kandi ikagira uburyo bwo kuziba bunini, kandi ni ikintu gikuze cyane. Ariko, niba imiterere itumvikana neza, imikorere idahwitse ishobora no guteza impanuka zo kwinjira kwa peteroli muri generator. Cyane cyane iyo nta gitutu kiri muri generator kirimo, urugero rw'amavuta mu kigega cy'amavuta gifunze ntirworoshye kugenzura, kandi amavuta yo kuziba biroroshye kwinjira imbere muri generator mu cyerekezo cy'umurongo. Injira ry'amavuta muri generator ni impanuka ikomeye kandi igomba gufatwa nk'ikintu gikomeye. Ibi bikurikira ni intangiriro ku buryo bwo kuziba amavuta ya generator, impamvu zituma generator yinjira amavuta imbere n'ingamba zo kwirinda.

 

Intangiriro ku buryo bwo gufunga amavuta

Sisitemu yo gufunga amavuta ikoresha utubati two gufunga uruziga. Kubera ko umugozi wa rotor wa generator ikonjeshwa na hydrogen ugomba kunyura ku musozo w'umuvuduko w'umuvuduko, iki gice kiba ingenzi mu gufunga generator yo gukonjesha imbere ya hydrogen. Amavuta yo gufunga agabanyijemo utubati tubiri twa petroli, uruhande rw'umwuka n'uruhande rwa hydrogen, kandi amavuta atangwa mu miyoboro ibiri yo gukwirakwiza amavuta ku gice cyo gufunga shaft, maze amavuta agasohoka mu cyerekezo cy'umurongo ugana ku ruhande rw'umuvuduko binyuze mu cyuho kiri hagati y'umurambararo w'imbere w'igice cyo gufunga n'umuvuduko uzenguruka. Niba umuvuduko w'amavuta muri izi circuits ebyiri z'amavuta ungana neza ku gice cyo gufunga, amavuta ntazatembera mu cyuho kiri hagati y'ibigega bibiri byo gukwirakwiza amavuta, kandi akenshi igihe cyose umuvuduko w'amavuta yo gufunga uhora uri hejuru y'umuvuduko wa gazi mu mashini, hydrogen ishobora kwirindwa gufunga sisitemu y'amavuta ya generator y'amashanyarazi.