amakuru

Igipimo cya turbo ni iki? Ubwoko bw'ibipimo bya turbocharged

Ibyuma bya Turboni imiterere iri muri turbocharger, kugira ngo dusobanukirwe turbocharger, tugomba kubanza kumenya turbocharger n'ibice byayo bigenda.

 

Ni iyihe turbocharger?

Imashini ikoresha turbocharger, dukunze kubona mu modoka, mu by’ukuri ni kompanyi y’umwuka ikanda umwuka kugira ngo yongere ingano y’umwuka winjiramo. Ikoresha imbaraga zidasanzwe z’umwuka usohoka muri moteri kugira ngo isunike turbine mu cyumba cya turbine, maze turbine itwara impeller ya coaxial, maze impeller ikanda umwuka woherejwe n’umuyoboro wa filter kugira ngo uwukandagire muri silinda. Iyo umuvuduko wa moteri wiyongereye, umuvuduko wo gusohora gazi isohoka n’umuvuduko wa turbine nabyo biriyongera icyarimwe, impeller ikanda umwuka mwinshi muri silinda, umuvuduko n’ubucucike bw’umwuka byiyongera bishobora gutwika lisansi nyinshi, kongera ingano ya lisansi no guhindura umuvuduko wa moteri, ushobora kongera imbaraga z’umusaruro wa moteri.

 

Ni ibihe bice bigenda bya turbocharger?

Ibice bigenda bya turbocharger nabyo ni ibice by'ingenzi - ipine ya turbine, impeller ya compressor n'umugozi wa rotor, hamwe n'aho supercharger ikorera bifite umuvuduko mwinshi, ibyo bikaba bitakwihanganirwa ku maberere asanzwe, bityo ubwikorezi bwa supercharger ni ubwikorezi bwihariye bwo kureremba.

 

Mu by’ukuri ni impeta y’umuringa ipfundikiye ku giti n’aho ifungiye, ifite icyuho kiri hagati y’impeta n’aho ifungiye ndetse na hagati y’impeta n’aho ifungiye. Iyo moteri ikora, munsi y’umuvuduko w’amavuta, muri ibyo bice hakorwa agace k’amavuta abiri, maze rotor ikareremba kuri firime y’amavuta ikazenguruka ku muvuduko mwinshi.

 

Bitewe n'umuvuduko mwinshi cyane wo kuzenguruka n'ubushyuhe bwinshi cyane, aka gace gasaba amavuta menshi cyane no gukonjesha.

 

Iyo supercharger idakozwe neza kandi idakonjeshejwe, itera kwangirika kudasanzwe kwa bearing, ikagabanya cyane igihe cyo gukora kwa bearing, yongera icyuho kiri hagati ya rotor n'aho ikorera, kandi igice cy'amavuta kizinjira mu muyoboro w'amazi cyangwa umuyoboro w'amazi uva muri icyo gice, bigatuma amavuta acika cyane.

 

Ubwoko bwaamapine afite turbocharged

Nk'igice cy'ingenzi cy'iyi turbocharger, imiterere y'iyi bearing ifitanye isano n'ubwirinzi n'uburambe bwa turbine. Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bwa turbocharger bearing, bumwe ni ubwirinzi bugenda ku mazi n'ubundi ni ubwirinzi bw'umupira.

 

Muri iki gihe, abenshi mu bakora imodoka bakomeye bakoresha ibyuma birebire birebire, bigomba kuramba kandi bihendutse. Ibyuma birebire birebire mu by'ukuri ni impeta iri ku giti, kandi hari icyuho kiri hagati y'impeta n'umugozi no hagati y'impeta n'aho babika ibirungo, bigatuma habaho agace k'amavuta abiri. Impeta irebire hagati y'umugozi n'aho babika ibirungo. Muri rusange, icyuho cy'imbere ni hafi 0.05mm, naho icyuho cy'inyuma ni hafi 0.1mm. Ubugari bw'urukuta rw'icyuma girebire ni hafi 3.0-4.5mm, kandi gikozwe mu cyuma gikozwe mu muringa wa tin-lead, kandi ubuso bw'icyuma gitwikiriwe n'urwego rwa lead-tin alloy cyangwa metal indium ifite ubugari bwa 0.005-0.008mm. Iyo supercharger ikora, icyuma girebire kizunguruka hagati y'umugozi n'aho babika ibirungo. Kubwibyo, dushobora kubona ingaruka mbi z'ibyuma birebire birebire: imbaraga nyinshi zo gukora ku migozi ya turbine, ingufu nyinshi z'amavuta n'ubuziranenge, hamwe n'igenzura ridahindagurika ry'imigozi ya turbine.

 

Imiterere y'imipira ikunze kuboneka mu modoka zikora neza, kandi nk'uko izina ribigaragaza, imiterere y'imipira ni ahantu ho gushyira imipira ku mugozi wa turbine kugira ngo isimbuze amavuta mu mugozi ugenda uhindagurika. Akamaro k'imiterere y'imipira ni ikinyuranyo cy'imiterere y'imipira: gucika intege, hysteresis nke ya turbine, kandi ni byiza cyane ku gukanda imipaka ihindagurika; Imiterere y'umugozi wa turbine ishobora kugenzurwa neza; Umuvuduko n'ubwiza bya peteroli bishobora kugabanuka gato, ibyo byongera ubuzima bwa turbine mu buryo butaziguye. Intege nke zayo nazo ziragaragara, ni ukuvuga ko ubuzima butari bwiza nk'ubw'umugozi ugenda uhindagurika, muri rusange kuva kuri kilometero 70.000 kugeza ku 80.000 kugeza ku mupaka ntarengwa w'ubuzima, kandi ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga kirahenze, kubungabunga biragoye. Ariko, bitewe n'imbaraga z'imipira, ziracyari ibikoresho by'ingenzi ku modoka zikora neza.