amakuru

Ubwoko bw'imitako isanzwe

 

Icyuho kiri hagati y'umugozi n'umuyoboroikirangoikora ku buso, byitwa plain bearing. Ikoreshwa cyane kuko ari ubuso bushobora kwihanganira imbaraga nini zo hanze, idashobora guturika, kandi ifite imiterere yoroshye. Urugero, ingingo zimukanwa z'Ikiganza cy'Inyamaswa cyo mu Icukura.

 

Amapineri anyererabishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko butatu hakurikijwe icyerekezo cy'imbaraga, aribyo:

 

1. Ingano ihindagurika mu buryo bwa radial

Icyerekezo cy'imbaraga z'imirongo isanzwe ya radial gihagaze neza ku murongo wo hagati, gishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko butatu hakurikijwe imiterere:

 

1) Ingufu zifatanye: Ingufu zifatanye ni ingufu zifatanye zifatanye zifatanye, zihujwe n'umuyoboro w'intebe zifatanye n'ibice. Igitutu cy'imbere cy'agasanduku k'intebe, igikombe cy'amavuta gishyirwa hejuru y'aho bafatira, umwobo w'amavuta ujyamo uri ku gipfundikizo cy'umugozi, kandi ubuso bw'imbere bwuzuzwa n'agapfundikizo (cyangwa agapfundikizo k'umugozi) gakozwe mu bikoresho birwanya uburyaryate kugira ngo gafungure umuyoboro w'amavuta wo mu gice cy'imbere kugira ngo ukwirakwize amavuta akoreshwa mu gusiga amavuta.

 

2) Ibyuma bihuza: Ubwo bwoko bw'ibyuma biroroshye cyane gushyiraho no gusenya, kandi igiciro ni gito, kandi bikoreshwa cyane mu buryo bwa tekiniki. Urugero, ibyuma bihuza ibyuma by'ubwoko butandukanye bwa moteri zikoresha umuriro w'imbere

 

3) Ibyuma by'ibice bine: bizwi kandi nka ibyuma by'ibice bine, bikoreshwa mu modoka nini, nka moteri zizunguruka, moteri zizunguruka n'izindi mbeba zizunguruka.

 

Ibikoresho by’uburinzi busanzwe ahanini ni icyuma gishongeshejwe n’icyuma gishongeshejwe. Kubera imiterere ikomeye, biroroshye gutuma icyuma gishongeshejwe cyangirika, bityo ubusanzwe hongerwaho agace k’uburinzi hagati y’umugozi n’icyuma gishongeshejwe. Ibikoresho by’uburinzi ahanini ni umuringa, umweru n’icyuma gishongeshejwe.

 

2. Ingufu zo guterera zigenda ziseseka

 

Umutwaro w'icyuma gikoreshwa mu gukurura ujyanye n'icyerekezo cy'umurongo ugororotse, udashyigikira gusa kuzenguruka kw'icyuma, ahubwo unabuza kugenda ku murongo ugororotse. Ushobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bune:

 

1) Ingano y'impeta: igabanyijemo:

 

(1) Ingufu zo gukurura uruziga rumwe: Ingufu zo gukurura uruziga rumwe, zishobora kwihanganira gukurura uruziga mu byerekezo byombi.

 

(2) Ingufu zo gukurura zifite impeta nyinshi: Ubwo bwoko bw'umugozi bushobora gutwara umugozi ugororotse mu byerekezo byombi, umuvuduko mwinshi n'umutwaro uremereye.

 

2) Ingano y'icyiciro: izwi kandi nka pivot bearing, ni sliding thrust bearing ishyizwe ku mpera y'umugozi, bityo yitwa kandi inkingi y'ibanze y'inkingi.

 

3) Ingufu zo gukurura zikomoka kuri hydrodynamic: ubuso bwo gukururana hagati y'umugozi n'umugozi bukorwamo ubuso buhengamye cyangwa bloki ihengamye. Urupapuro rw'amavuta ya hydrodynamic rukorwa kuri buri buso buhengamye cyangwa bloki ihengamye kugira ngo umugozi udahura n'umugozi

 

4) Ingufu zikomoka ku mazi: Iyo umutwaro w'ingufu zikomoka ku mazi ari munini cyane, ntibishoboka gushyiraho icyuma cy'amavuta binyuze mu gutangiza static, bityo hydrostatic bearing igomba gukoreshwa. Amazi (amavuta) ashyirwamo igitutu na pompe hanyuma yoherezwa hagati y'ibice bibiri kugira ngo akomeze gusya mu gihe cy'imikorere. Kubera ko amazi atangwa n'isi yo hanze, yitwa kandi pressure bearing yo hanze. Iyo pressure ya peteroli ya pompe ihinduwe umuvuduko w'umwuka, yitwa hydrostatic air bearing.

 

3. Ibyuma byihariye byo kuzunguruka

 

1) Ifite imyenge: izwi kandi nka bearing iterwa n'amavuta, irashwanyagurika hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gushwanyagurika mu byuma bikozwe mu ifu. Muri rusange ikwiriye ibyuma bifite imitwaro yoroheje.

 

2)Ibyuma bitagira amavuta: bifite ubushobozi bwo kudashira neza, bikwiye gukoreshwa mu mashini zoroshye kandi zidahumanya ibiribwa, nka Nelong bearingers.