amakuru

Uburyo bworoshye kandi bunoze bwo gufata ibintu: Isesengura ryimbitse ry'ibikoresho by'ubuhanga bya pulasitiki mu kazu

 

Mu buryo bugezweho bwo gusimbukaikirangoIgishushanyo mbonera cy’ikiraro ni igice cy’ingenzi, kandi guhitamo ibikoresho bigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku mikorere y’urukiramende, igihe rumara, n’ikoreshwa ryarwo. Ugereranyije n’ibikoresho gakondo by’icyuma, ibiraro bya pulasitiki by’ubuhanga bigenda birushaho kumenyekana mu nganda zitandukanye bitewe n’imiterere yabyo yihariye y’umubiri n’imiti.

 

Iyi nkuru yibanda ku bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bya pulasitiki nkanayiloni (PA), polioksimetilini (POM), na polimoyide (PI), isesengura ryimbitse ibyiza byazo mu mikorere n'imbibi zikoreshwa mu gushyira mu kato.

 

Kugereranya Imikorere y'Ibikoresho by'Ishingiro

 

Nayiloni (PA)

 

Bitewe n'ubukomezi bwayo bwiza, kwisiga amavuta, hamwe n'inyungu zayo ku giciro, nylon ikoreshwa cyane mu byuma bitwara imizigo bikoresha mu buremere buringaniye n'ubushyuhe buringaniye. Ifite ingano nto y'ubushyuhe ifasha kugabanya urusaku rw'imikorere, bigatuma ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu bikoresho byo mu rugo no mu biro bisaba ituze ryo hejuru. Dukurikije igitabo cy'amabwiriza agenga imikoreshereze ya Rolling Bearing, PA66 ifite ubushyuhe buhoraho bugera kuri 120°C kandi ishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bw'igihe gito bugera kuri 150°C. Agaciro kayo ka PV (umuvuduko × umuvuduko) ni hafi 50 MPa·m/s, bigatuma ikoreshwa mu muvuduko uringaniye.

 

Polyoxymethylene (POM)

 

POM izwiho gukomera kwayo cyane, kudahindagurika cyane, no kudahindagurika cyane mu ngero zayo. Ubuso bwayo bworoshye no kudashira neza kwa nylon bituma ikoreshwa mu bikoresho byihuta cyane, byoroheje cyangwa binoze. POM ifite ubushyuhe buri hagati ya -40°C na 100°C, kandi ikora neza mu gihe gito kugeza kuri 120°C. Agaciro kayo ka PV gashobora kugera kuri 60 MPa·m/s, bigatuma iba amahitamo meza kuri moteri zihuta cyane na sisitemu zo gusiba imodoka.

 

Polyimide (PI)

 

Nk’uko ihagarariye pulasitiki zikora neza cyane, PI itanga ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi (kugeza kuri 260°C mu gihe kirekire) mu gihe igumana imbaraga nziza za mekanike n’ubudahangarwa bw’imirasire. Agaciro kayo ka PV gashobora kurenza 100 MPa·m/s, bigatuma ikwiriye ahantu hakomeye nko mu kirere, moteri zikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi, na sisitemu zo gutwara ibintu mu bikoresho bivamo umwuka. Nubwo ihenze cyane, ntishobora gusimburwa mu bihe byihariye byo gukora.

 

Ibyiza byuzuye by'ibigega bya pulasitiki by'ubuhanga

 

Ubwinshi bworoheje: Iyo plastike ifite ubucucike bwa kimwe cya karindwi gusa cy’icyuma, igabanya cyane uburemere bw’icyuma cyose, igabanya ubushyuhe, kandi ikongera ubushobozi bwo gusubiza ibintu mu buryo buhindagurika.

 

Gukoresha urusaku ruke: Plastike ifite modulus yoroshye, ifata neza imitingito kugira ngo ikore ituje.

 

Imiterere yo kwisiga: Plastike nyinshi z’ubuhanga zishyirwamo amavuta imbere, bigabanya kwishingikiriza ku mavuta yo hanze kandi bikongera igihe cyo kuyabungabunga.

 

Ubudahangarwa ku byangiritse: Birwanya amazi, amavuta, n'ibindi bikoresho bitandukanye by'imiti, birakwiriye gukoreshwa ahantu hakonje cyangwa hangiza.

 

Amabwiriza n'amabwiriza yo guhitamo

 

Dukurikije ibipimo ngenderwaho bya JB/T 7048, guhitamo amakashi ya pulasitiki bisaba gusuzuma neza umutwaro, umuvuduko, ubushyuhe, n'ibintu bidukikije. POM ni nziza cyane iyo ikoreshwa mu muvuduko mwinshi kandi idakoresha urusaku rwinshi; PA ni amahitamo iyo ikoreshwa mu buryo buringaniye; naho PI ni nziza iyo ikoreshwa mu bushyuhe bwinshi cyane cyangwa iyo isaba ubwizigirwa bwinshi.

 

Udusanduku twa pulasitiki tw’ubwubatsi ntabwo ari ugusimbura icyuma gusa; ahubwo, tworohejwe kugira ngo dukore neza mu bikorwa byihariye. Binyuze mu guhitamo ibikoresho bya siyansi, imikorere myiza, ituze, n’ubuzima bishobora kunozwa cyane mu gihe bikomeza kuba indashyikirwa. Hamwe n’iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga ry’ibikoresho, imbibi z’ikoreshwa rya pulasitiki zikora neza muri za bearing zizakomeza kwaguka.