amakuru

Ibyuma bitwara imizigo bya gari ya moshi

Amasafuriya yo gukurura imodoka ya gari ya moshi yerekeza ku masafuriya akoreshwa muri gari ya moshi na za gari ya moshi. Amasafuriya yo kuri gari ya moshi arimo amasafuriya yo gukurura imodoka, amasafuriya yo gukurura imodoka, amasafuriya yo gutwara imodoka, amasafuriya yo gukurura imodoka n'amasafuriya yo gukonjesha imodoka, n'ibindi, mu gihe amasafuriya yo ku modoka ahanini ari amasafuriya yo gukurura imodoka, amasafuriya yo gukurura imodoka y'abagenzi akenshi akoresha amasafuriya magufi y'imizingo, naho amasafuriya yo gukurura imodoka y'imizigo akoresha amasafuriya yo gukurura imodoka, kandi ubwoko, imiterere n'imikorere y'amasafuriya yo ku modoka bisa cyane n'amasafuriya yo gukurura imodoka.

 

1.Agasanduku k'agasanduku k'axle

 

Ipine ya gari ya moshi ihujwe n'umubiri wa gari ya moshi binyuze mu gasanduku k'umuzingo, impera n'umuyoboro wa bogie, kandi agasanduku k'umuzingo gafite uburemere butaziguye bw'impera ya gari ya moshi n'ingaruka za radial na axial z'inzira y'uruziga ku ruziga, uretse kohereza imbaraga zo gukurura n'indi mitwaro y'inyongera ikomoka kuri byo, bityo agasanduku k'umuzingo gagomba kugira ubushobozi bwinshi bwo gutwara, gashobora kwihanganira guhungabana no kunyeganyega, kandi gagomba kuba gafite ubuzima bwiza, umutekano n'ubwirinzi, ingano nto n'ubwiza; Byoroshye kugenzura no kubungabunga, nibindi. Kubwibyo, amapine ya gari ya moshi akunze gukoresha urukurikirane rw'amapine adasanzwe n'imiterere yihariye ya tekiniki, kandi amapine akoreshwa cyane afite ibyiciro bitatu bikurikira.

 

(1)Ibyuma bizunguruka by'uruzigaIngufu nyinshi za gari ya moshi zikoresha mazutu n'izikoresha amashanyarazi zikoreshaimiringa y'imizingo izungurukaHariho ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi.

 

1)Imirongo ine y'imiringa izunguruka

 

Ibyuma byo mu bwoko bwa "locomotive ax box bearing" byo mu Bushinwa ni byo byakoreshejwe bwa mbere, kandi umubare munini w'ibicuruzwa byashyizwemo ni ubwoko bwa "cylindrical roller bearing" 972832. Ibyuma bifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo myinshi kandi biramba, kandi umutwaro wabyo upima 1445kN. Kubera ko bishobora gutwara imizigo ya radial gusa, ntabwo ari imizigo ya axial, ni ngombwa gushyiraho igikoresho kugira ngo kirwane n'imbaraga za axial mu gasanduku ka axial.

 

2) Ibyuma by'imizingo bifite umurongo ubiri

 

Udusanduku tw’imodoka zo mu Bushinwa zo mu bwoko bwa Dongfanghong 2, 3, 5, 21 na Beijing two mu bwoko bwa Beijing twose dukoresha imigozi ibiri y’imirongo ibiri ya 982832T, ifite imbaraga za radial, hamwe n’imigozi y’imigozi ya angular contact ball 146132T.

 

(2)Ibyuma bizunguruka by'umuzenguruko

 

Akamaro ko gukoresha imigozi y'uruziga ni uko nta gikoresho cyo gupima ubugari hagati y'agasanduku k'uruziga n'umugozi wa bogie. Umugozi w'uruziga w'imodoka ya mazutu ya ND2 ufite umugozi w'uruziga wo mu bwoko bwa C. Icyitegererezo cyayo kigereranywa n'umugozi wo mu rugo wa 3G4053736KT. Imigozi y'ubu bwoko bw'imigozi ingana, impeta y'imbere nta mwenda w'inyuma ifite, umugozi wo hagati uratandukanye, umugozi ukorana n'impeta y'inyuma, uburebure bw'umugozi bukora neza ni burebure, kandi igihe cyo gukora ni kinini gato kuruta ubw'umugozi w'uruziga udafite ingano imwe ufite ingano imwe y'inyuma.

 

(3)Ibyuma birebire bifite imigozi

 

Ubwo bwoko bw'ubwirinzi bukoreshwa mu gasanduku k'imizingo ya gari ya moshi ni ubwirinzi bufite imirongo ibiri, kandi gari ya moshi ya mazutu ya ND5 ifite ubwirinzi bwo mu bwoko bwa AP. Ubwo bwoko bw'ubwirinzi bufite ingano ya santimetero imwe, kandi bukunze gukoreshwa muri B, C, D, E, F, G n'izindi nzego, zikoreshwa mu byiciro bitandukanye by'imizingo.

 

2.Ingufu za moteri zitwara imizigo

 

(1) Ingufu zo gufata moteri zikora

 

Moteri itwara imizigo ni yo ikoreshwa cyane mu gutwara imizigo y’amashanyarazi n’imodoka zitwara mazutu zikoresha amashanyarazi, kandi icyuma gifata imizigo ni kimwe mu bice by’ingenzi byacyo.

 

1)Ibyuma byo kohereza ubutumwa ku ruhande rumwe

 

Ubusanzwe, icyuma gifata imizigo gishyigikiwe n'udupira tubiri, impera y'ibikoresho byo gushyiramo ni inkunga yo kugenda, naho impera y'icyuma gifata imizigo ni inkunga yo kuyishyiraho. Ingufu zisohoka zishyirwa hafi y'icyuma, ari na cyo gikomereye cyane, kandi ni cyo gipfundikizo cy'udupira tubiri tw'icyuma. Kugira ngo bagabanye umutwaro, ubwoko bwa NU bw'icyuma gifata imizigo kidafite impeta y'imbere ikoreshwa muri rusange. Igice gifata imizigo gikoresha ubwoko bwa NUP bw'icyuma gifata imizigo kigizwe n'udupira tubiri hamwe n'urukiramende rumwe rufite impeta y'imbere irambuye, kandi hari n'udupira dufata imizigo kigizwe n'urukiramende rumwe rufite impeta y'imbere n'urukiramende rufata imizigo ku mpera y'icyuma gifata imizigo.

 

2) Ibyuma byo kohereza amapine ku mpande ebyiri

 

Iyo ingufu za moteri ari nini, niba transmission y’uruhande rumwe iracyakoreshwa, umutwaro w’ubwikorezi ku mpera ya verisiyo uba munini cyane, kandi biragoye guhitamo bearing umutwaro uhinduka n’umuvuduko wa nyuma bishobora kuzuza ibisabwa, bityo uburyo bwo kohereza bufite impande ebyiri bushobora guhindurwa hakurikijwe imiterere ya moteri. Akamaro ko kohereza bufite impande ebyiri ni uko verisiyo zifite impande ebyiri zishobora gukoreshwa, ku buryo inguni za helix za verisiyo ebyiri zingana kandi icyerekezo cyo kuzenguruka kikaba gihabanye, kugira ngo haboneke ireme rihamye ryo kohereza hatabayeho gutanga umutwaro uhindagurika. Bearing ikwiriye iyi ntego ni verisiyo ifite NU idafite flange mu mpeta y’imbere, niba verisiyo ifite spur ikoreshwa mu kohereza ifite impande ebyiri, bearing ishobora kwihanganira imbaraga runaka za axial igomba gutoranywa, kandi verisiyo ifite NJ ifite flange imwe mu mpeta y’imbere ikoreshwa muri rusange.

 

(2)Ingano y'umugozi ukoresha moteri itwara imizigo

 

Moteri zifata imizigo zishyirwaho na axle akenshi zishyigikiwe kuri bogie n'inkoni yo kuzihindura ku ruhande rumwe, naho ku mugongo ku rundi ruhande zishyigikiwe n'icyuma gifata amashami.Ibyuma bizunguruka by'uruziga, imiringa y'uruziganaamapine y'imizingo afite ubureburebyakoreshejwe.

 

Ibyuma bizunguruka bifite uruzigas zikwiriye gari ya moshi zihuta cyane, kandi imikorere yazo yo kongeramo amavuta ni miremire, kandi kuyishyiraho no kuyibungabunga biroroshye cyane, cyane cyane iyo ukoresheje igishishwa cy’ingenzi, iyi nyungu irashobora kugaragazwa neza. Uburimbane bw’ibyuma bito bito bito ni bwiza, bituma verisiyo zikora neza, ariko biragoye guhindura uburyo biteranywa n’uburyo bishyirwamo ndetse n’aho bihagarara. Gushyiraho amaseti abiri y’ibyuma bito bito bito, cyane cyane ibyo gutandukanya, biragoye kurusha ibyo ibyuma bito bito bito bito bito, ariko bishobora kwakira uburyo umugozi ugonga. Ibyuma bito bito bito bito bito bito bito bikoreshwa mu gukurura moteri y’amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa bikoresha ibyuma bito bito, kandi icyitegererezo cyabyo ni 3G3053148T.

 

(3)Ibyuma bitanga ingufu zo gukurura

 

Umubiri w'icyuma gikurura mazutu gikoresha amashanyarazi gikunze gushyirwa ku ruhande rw'umubiri ku mpera y'umusaruro wa moteri ya mazutu. Byaba bishyizwe muri ubu buryo cyangwa ubundi buryo, impera y'icyuma gikurura ntabwo iba ifite amaberari, kandi igice gikurura muri rusange gishyigikiwe ku gice cyo hejuru cyangwa ku gice cyo hejuru cy'umusaruro wa moteri ya mazutu binyuze mu buryo bworoshye, kugira ngo ingano ya moteri igabanuke.

 

Igice cy'inyuma cy'umugozi w'ingufu gishobora gukoreshwa muri rusange hamweimiringa y'imizingo izunguruka, kandi rimwe na rimwe kugira ngo byoroheye guhuza moteri ya mazutu mu gihe cyo kuyishyiraho, ibyuma bizunguruka bishobora no gukoreshwa.

 

3. Ibyuma by'ubwikorezi bw'amazi bya gari ya moshi zikoresha mazutu

 

Sisitemu yo kohereza amazi ya mazutu muri rusange igizwe n'ibice bitatu: agasanduku ko kohereza amazi ya hydraulic, umugozi wa cardan, na gearbox ya axle. Imodoka zo gushyushya rimwe na rimwe ziba zifite gearbox ikora neza, ifite umubare munini w'ibyuma bizunguruka.

 

(1) Ingufu z'agasanduku k'amashanyarazi

 

Uburyo bwo gukora bw'agasanduku k'amashanyarazi ni uguhindura imbaraga za moteri ya mazutu mu mbaraga za gari ya moshi itwara imodoka binyuze mu gikoresho gihindura imbaraga za gari ya moshi iyo gari ya moshi ikururwa; Mu gukoresha feri y'amashanyarazi, feri ya hydraulic ikoreshwa mu kwinjiza ingufu za kinetic z'amapine ya gari ya moshi. Sisitemu nyinshi z'imigozi zishyizwe muri gearbox ya hydraulic, kandi inkunga ya buri shaft yose igizwe n'imigozi izunguruka.　　

 

(2) Ibyuma by'igisanduku cy'itumanaho biri hagati

 

Ibice by'ingenzi bya gearbox yo hagati ni umugozi w'injira n'umugozi usohoka buri kimwe gifite vitesi ebyiri, kandi vitesi iri kuri imwe muri shafts ni vitesi yo gusimbuza, kandi umugozi n'ibitesi byayo bifite uburyo bwo gusimbuza, bushobora gutuma imwe muri vitesi ihuzwa n'umugozi no kohereza imbaraga; Indi vitesi irakora gusa muri iki gihe. Vitesi yo gusimbuza na clutch akenshi bishyirwa ku mugozi w'injira, kuko torque y'injira ari nto, ibyo bikaba byorohereza kugabanya ingano ya spline clutch n'ingano ya bearing.

 

(3) Agasanduku k'isanduku gafite umurambararo

 

4. Ingano ya moteri ya mazutu

 

Ibyiza by'ingenzi bya moteri ya mazutu ifite crankshaft bearing ikoresha roll bearing ni moteri ifite umuvuduko mwinshi, ari byo: gutakaza friction nke, gukora neza cyane, gukora neza no kumara igihe kirekire; Gusiga amavuta byoroshye, radiator nto y'amavuta, nibindi. Ugereranyije no gukoresha sliding bearing, ingorane zayo nyamukuru ni: igiciro kiri hejuru, ubwiza bunini, ibisabwa cyane mu guteranya bearing na crankshafts, kubungabunga no gusimbuza bidakwiye, ndetse n'urusaku rwinshi.

 

Ku miyoboro mito ya moteri ya mazutu ifite silinda imwe na silinda ebyiri, imiyoboro yo mu rwego rwa 0 ikoreshwa cyane; Ku miyoboro ya moteri ya mazutu ifite umuvuduko mwinshi kandi ikomeye, kubera uburemere bwayo bunini, imiyoboro yo mu bwoko bwa silinda ni yo ikoreshwa muri rusange.