amakuru

Ibyuma by'ubuhinzi

Ku isi yose, hatitawe ku miterere y'ikirere cyangwa umusaruro w'ibihingwa, gukoresha ibice byizewe kandi biramba ni ingenzi mu kwemeza ko imashini z'ubuhinzi zibungabungwa neza kandi zigasarurwa ku gihe.

 

Ibyuma by'ubuhinzini ibice by'ingenzi by'imashini n'ibikoresho by'ubuhinzi, bikoreshwa cyane mu modoka zikora ubuhinzi, traktori, moteri za mazutu, moteri z'amashanyarazi, imashini zikora ubwatsi, imashini zitunganya ibinyabiziga, imashini zisarura, imashini zihura ibinyabiziga n'izindi mashini zikora ubuhinzi, ubuziranenge bwabyo, imikorere yabyo, ubuzima bwabyo n'uburyo zikora neza bigira uruhare runini mu buryo buboneye, imikorere, ubuzima bwabyo n'uburyo zikora neza.

 

Ibyuma bigomba kuba bishobora gukora mu bihe bigoye, kuva ku byumye n'ibikurura kugeza ku bidukikije bitose, byangiza kandi byanduye cyane, kandi byujuje ibisabwa kugira ngo birambe igihe kirekire kandi biremereye kugira ngo bihuze n'imbogamizi abahinzi bahura nazo kugira ngo bagabanye ikiguzi cyo kuruhuka n'icyo kubungabunga no kongera umusaruro.

 

Ibirangaimashini z'ubuhinzi zikora amapine

 

1. Ishobora kwihanganira gutigita guhoraho n'imitwaro ikomeye;

 

2. Gutegura neza kandi neza uburyo bwo gufunga kugira ngo bikore neza mu bihe bitandukanye by'ikirere;

 

3. Igishushanyo mbonera kidasaba gusanwa cyane cyangwa kidasaba gusanwa;

 

4. Byoroshye gushyiramo, bitanga igikoresho cy'ingenzi;

 

5. Igishushanyo mbonera cy'inyubako cyoroshye cyane;

 

6. Kugenzura neza uburyo imashini ikoresha neza;

 

Hariho kandi ubwoko bwinshi bw'ibikoresho mu mashini z'ubuhinzi, uburyo zikoreshwa n'uburyo zikoreshwa biratandukanye, bityo rero ibyuma bikoreshwa nabyo biratandukanye, ibyuma bikoreshwa mu mashini z'ubuhinzi ni: ibyuma bikoreshwa mu mashini z'ubuhinzi (umwobo uzengurutse, umwobo kare cyangwa umwobo wa hexagonal, impeta ifunga, umwobo w'amavuta ushobora kongera gusigwa cyangwa umunwa w'amavuta), icyuma gifata umupira, icyuma gifata uruziga, icyuma gifata uruziga, icyuma gifata uruziga, nibindi.

 

Imashini zo guhinga no gutera imbuto

 

Ubushuhe bwinshi mu mpeshyi no mu gihe cy'umuhindo ni ikizamini nyacyo cy'ubuhinzi, kandi ubutaka bukomeye bugerageza imbaraga z'ibice byose bya mashini, ibyo bikaba bisaba ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gutwara ibyuma by'imashini zihinga.

 

Ibyuma by'imashini zihingaakenshi bihuzwa n'udukingirizo dufite flanges kugira ngo byoroshye guteranya. Urugero, disiki yo guhinga ihujwe n'icyuma gifata icyuma, gishyirwa ku buso bw'icyuma gifata icyuma gifite inguni runaka, kandi icyuma gifata icyuma gifata icyuma gifata icyuma, kikagira umutwaro wo ku ruhande, kizunguruka kandi kikagira umutwaro wo ku ruhande.

 

Igice cyo gutwara ibintu kirimo:

 

Imipira yo gufatanya ifite imirongo ibiri, ikomoka ku ruhererekane rw'imodoka zifite amagare menshi - ifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu byinshi, ifite imbaraga nyinshi zo kuzenguruka, ifite impande ebyiri zo gufunga;

 

Udukoresho tw’icyuma dukingira ingese dukozwe mu mashini;

 

imisumari ifite imigozi ifite ubuso bugaragara;

 

Udukoresho two kumesa imyenda tugabanya ubushyuhe.

 

Ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu mashini zihinga birimo imiringoti y’umupira n’ibikoresho byo guturamo, imiringoti y’umupira ifunze cyane n’imiringoti y’umupira ifatana, imiringoti y’imiringoti ipfundikiye, imiringoti y’imiringoti ifite impande esheshatu n’impande, hamwe n’imiringoti y’amenyo n’imiringoti y’amenyo ifatana n’imiringoti.

 

amatarakiteri

 

Ibyuma byo kohereza ubutumwa n'ibice byabwo

 

Imitwaro minini ya radial na axial, imiringoti ya cylindrical roller bearings idafite impeta zo hanze ikwiriye cyane cyane amasanduku ya gearbox y'imibumbe.

 

Ibyuma bito bito bito bikoreshwa mu gutwara imizigo bikwiranye na moteri zikoresha hydraulic, pompe zikoresha hydraulic, bevel shaft bearings na rear axle drives bihujwe na gearboxes.

 

Porogaramu ziri muri chassis

 

Umukandara w'inyuma w'impeta ushyirwa ku gice cyo ku mpera y'impeshyi y'umuzingo w'imbere wa chassis ushobora gusa gushyira amavuta ku miyoboro y'impande z'imiyoboro;

 

Ibyuma by'ingenzi bidakoresha inkoni yo kugabanya ubukana bw'imirongo y'imbere bifite uburyo bwo kuyihagarika bwigenga.

 

Ibice bya moteri na sisitemu

 

Imashini ziteranya udukingirizo tw’inshinge ku bikoresho bitwara imikandara, ibyuma bitera imbaraga n’imashini zitanga moteri mu ikoreshwa rya moteri ya traktori zirenze imiyoboro, pompe na feni hamwe n’inkoni zihuza.

 

Imashini zo gusarura

 

Mu bikorwa by’ubuhanga mu by’ubuhinzi, hari imitako ahantu hose hari imitako izunguruka. Umutako mwiza ufite imirimo ibiri y’ingenzi: kubungabunga amavuta meza imbere mu mutako no gukumira umwanda n’ubushuhe kwinjira mu mutako. Gufunga neza byongera igihe cyo gukora, kandi bikongera igihe cyo gukora cy’imashini zihinga.

 

Imigozi y'umupira ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu mashini zisarura mu bijyanye n'imashini z'ubuhinzi, kandi imigozi y'umupira ikoreshwa mu buryo bw'uruziga n'ibikoresho byo mu nzu biroroshye gushyiraho kandi bishobora kwishyura ikosa ry'imigozi mu rugero runaka.